Fylis Fortress was of great strategic importance for ancient Athens.
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At the southern foot of Mount Parnitha is the fortress of Fyli, dating back to the time of classical Athens. It is 100m long and 30m wide and the hill was leveled for its construction. The fortification was made of gray limestone boulders. The walls are 2.5m thick and they are interrupted by square towers and a circular one. The west side of the hill remained unfortified because it was the least vulnerable. The fortress of Fyli is one of the best preserved examples of complete fortification of the time.
It is one of the frontier fortresses of the Athenians, which controlled the roads of Attica to and from Boeotia (north). The fortress has been historically known for the struggle against the Thirty Tyrants, which were imposed by the Spartans, after their victory over the Athenians in the Peloponnesian War.
Foka Ι., Valavanis P., (1994), Περίπατοι στην Αθήνα και την Αττική, τόποι, θεοί, μνημεία [Strolls in Athens and Attica, places, gods, monuments], Kedros
Unsigned, (2014), Navigating the routes of Art and Culture, Part 1, Athens, Ministry of Culture and Sports
1999 The main entrance was severely damaged by the Parnitha earthquake.
It was built at the beginning of the 4th century BC.
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